Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Patients undergoing Gastrodudenoscopy in a Hospital in Western Nepal
Keywords:
biopsy, gastric ulcer, gastritis, gastroscopy, H. pylori infection
Abstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) related chronic gastritis is a major health problem worldwide, specially in the developing countries. The prevalence of H. pylori infection has been reported to vary between and even within countries. There are limited data on this infection in Western Nepal. Our objective was to study the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its association with presenting complains and upper gastrointestinal diseases.
Methods: Medical records of patients undergoing gastrodudenoscopy and biopsy for various upper gastrointestinal symptoms from 1st of January 2015 to 30th of June 2017 were reviewed for presence of H. pylori infection, demographics, indications for gastrodudenoscopy, and histopathology findings. T-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher exact test were applied.
Results: Two hundred fifty six patients (135 male and 121 female) with a mean age of 47 (SD = 16.5) underwent gastroscopic biopsy and had an overall H. pylori prevalence of 24.6%. H. pylori infection was most commonly noted between 41 to 60 years of age. Gender did not seem to be significantly associated (p = 0.82) but gastrointestinal bleed was significantly associated with H. pylori infection (p = 0.006). The most common histopathological diagnosis was gastritis followed by gastrodudenitis; however, none of the diagnosis were found to be significantly associated with H. pylori infection.
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 24.6% and was most common between 40 to 60 years of age. Heart burn was the most common symptom and gastrointestinal bleed was the only significantly associated symptom with H. pylori infection.
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References
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2. Ndraha S, Simadibrata M. Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic and Histopathological Findings in Patients with Dyspepsia. The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy. 2012; 13(1):23-28 http://www.ina-jghe.com/journal/index.php/jghe/article/view/351
3. Axon A, Forman D. Helicobacter gastroduodenitis: a serious infectious disease. BMJ. 1997; 314(7092):1430-1431. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9167554
4. Thirumurthi S, Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori infection in India from a western perspective. Indian J Med Res. 2012; 136(4):549-562. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23168695
5. Ozbek A, Ozbek E, Dursun H, Kalkan Y, Demirci T. Can Helicobacter pylori invade human gastric mucosa?: An in vivo study using electron microscopy, immunohistochemical methods, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010; 44(6):416-422. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19904218 https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c21c69
6. McNulty CAM, Lehours P, Megraud F. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Helicobacter. 2011; 16(Suppl 1):10-18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21896080 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00875.x
7. Ayana SM, Swai B, Maro VP, Kibiki GS. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among adult patients with dyspepsia in northern Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res. 2014; 16(1):16-22. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26867268 https://doi.org/10.4314/thrb.v16i1.3
8. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA, Gisbert JP, Kuipers EJ, Axon AT, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus Report. Gut. 2017; 66(1):6-30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27707777 https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312288
9. Niemela S, Karttunen T, Heikkila J, Lehtola J. Characteristics of reflux gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1987; 22(3):349-354. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3589504 https://doi.org/10.3109/00365528709078603
10. Tarkhashvilo N, Beriashvili R, Chakvetadze N, Moistsrapishvili M, Chokheli M, Sikharulidze M, et al. Helicobacter pylori infection in patients undergoing upper endoscopy, Republic of Georgia. Emerging Infect Dis. 2009; 15(3):504-505. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19239782 https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1503.080850
11. Shokrzadeh L, Baghaie K, Yamaoka Y, Shiota S, Mirsattari D, Porhoseingholi A, et al. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients in Iran. Gastroenterology Insights. 2012; 4(e8):24-28. https://doi.org/10.4081/gi.2012.e8
12. Kaore NM, Nagdeo NV, Thombare VR. Comparative Evaluation of the Diagnostic Tests for Helicobacter pylori and Dietary Influence for Its Acquisition in Dyspeptic Patients: A Rural Hospital Based Study in Central India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2012; 6(4):636-641. http://www.jcdr.net/article_abstract.asp?id=2152
13. Replogle ML, Glaser SL, Hiatt RA, Parsonnet J. Biologic sex as a risk factor for Helicobacter pylori infection in healthy young adults. Am J Epidemiol. 1995; 142(8):856-863. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7572962 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117725
14. Malaty HM, El-Kasabany A, Graham DY, Miller CC, Reddy SG, Srinivasan SR, et al. Age at acquisition of Helicobacter pylori infection: a follow-up study from infancy to adulthood. Lancet. 2002; 359(9310):931-935. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11918912 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08025-X
15. Everhart JE, Kruszon-Moran D, Perez-Perez GI, Tralka TS, McQuillan G. Seroprevalence and ethnic differences in Helicobacter pylori infection among adults in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2000; 181(4):1359-1363. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10762567 https://doi.org/10.1086/315384
16. Ong TZ, Hawkey CJ, Ho KY. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is a significant cause of peptic ulcer disease in a tertiary hospital in Singapore: a prospective study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006; 40(9):795-800. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17016134 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mcg.0000225610.41105.7f
17. Jemilohun AC, Otegbayo JA, Ola SO, Oluwasola OA, Akere A. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Nigerian patients with dyspepsia in Ibadan. Pan African Medical Journal. 2010;6(1). https://doi.org/10.4314/pamj.v6i1.69090 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/pamj/article/view/69090
18. Rosai J, Ackerman LV. Rosai and Ackerman’s surgical pathology. 9th ed. Edinburgh: Mosby; 2004.
Published
2017-12-28
How to Cite
1.
Shakya R, Regmi S, Adhikari S. Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori among Patients undergoing Gastrodudenoscopy in a Hospital in Western Nepal. J Lumbini Med Coll [Internet]. 28Dec.2017 [cited 22May2022];5(2):69 -73. Available from: https://jlmc.edu.np/index.php/JLMC/article/view/158
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Copyright (c) 2017 Raju Prasad Shakya, Sudeep Regmi, Suraj Adhikari
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